First, the basics
What Conway's Game of Life is
Take a grid of square cells. Each one is either alive or
dead. Pick a starting pattern — that's the only decision
you ever make. Then the grid updates, all at once, forever, under three
rules:
- Survival. A live cell with 2 or 3 live neighbours stays alive.
- Birth. A dead cell with exactly 3 live neighbours becomes alive.
- Death. Every other cell is dead next generation — too lonely (fewer than 2 neighbours) or too crowded (more than 3).
That's it. There is no player once it starts, no score, no opponent — you
set a beginning and watch what the rule does with it. And what it does is
the surprise: from these three trivial rules come still lifes that
never change, oscillators that blink in place, gliders
that walk diagonally across the grid forever, and guns that fire
an endless stream of them. The rule is even Turing-complete —
you can, in principle, build a working computer out of nothing but this
grid. Smart, simple rule; genuinely astonishing results. That gap is the
entire appeal of Conway's Game of Life, and it's sixty years old.